Wednesday 27 November 2019

The concept of fiduciary duty


A fiduciary duty is the obligation to act for the other party in the best interest. The individual act in a fiduciary capacity and is held to a high standard of disclosure and full honesty with the intention to communicate with the client and should not obtain the benefit at the client expense personally. The fiduciary duty is a legal term that explains the connection among two parties and obligates the person to act in the interest of other solely (Yang, 2017). The party that owes the legal duty to a principal designated as the fiduciary where strict care needs to be taken into consideration with the intention to make sure that there is no conflict of interest that arises among the fiduciary and its principles. The five duties an agent is said to owe his principal include accounting, performance, notification, obedience and loyalty (Flannigan, 2017).
The performance means agent need to do the job using reasonable skill, the notification means agent needs obligation to keep the principal informed, loyalty means agent need to act in a loyal way for the principal interest and obedience mean agent needs to follow all legal orders. In the business life, I have seen that when a party has obligation to act in the other party interest such as the board of the member’s duty to the shareholders referred to the fiduciary responsibility. This shows that fiduciary duty involve client/attorney, agent/principal and beneficiary/trustee. I have seen that employer offer benefit plans such as pension plans or other kind of benefit plans with the intention to ensure that they are bound by the fiduciary duty definition and set forth in the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (Shaikh, Drira and Hassine, 2019).
I have been involved in a situation where fiduciary duty had been breached as I was correct at that time. This was done because fiduciary duty breach happens only when the fiduciary acts in the interest of individuals instead of the best interest of the principal or employer. The action by the fiduciary has been seen as free of conflicts of self-dealing and interest. As a fiduciary, the person cannot use the principal for their own benefit. I was correct because the duty of care require each partner to give best service or advice. But when the fiduciary duty applied on the partner they would require disclose any relevant information to the partners in the scope of the relationship.
I think duty owned by the partner only depends on whether partnership is a limited or general partnership (Margolis, 2015).
As I was correct, I have seen that if a limited partner doesn’t take part in operating the limited partnership then the individual can be treated as the general partner with fiduciary duty by the courts. I have identified that breach of fiduciary duty is to break the trust with partners who owed such duty. It also concerns that when one partner fails to uphold the obligations to the partnership financially that the duty becomes the obligation and may imply with a trust level. On the other hand, if the trust of the partner is violated then the duty has been said to be breached. The person in the business is the one accused the fiduciary duty breach whereas the defense will be to act in a positive way to prove that the person act in the agreements and boundaries of his or her own position (Yang, 2017).
In the business, I have seen that partner fill the claim because he or she has the burden of proof, unfair benefit or cite the self-dealing involving the participation in a transaction. Hence, I can say that it is a serious concept done in the business because each and every partner in the business is prepared to take full accountability to fulfill that duty to take the partnership. The relationship for fiduciary found in the business includes the relationship among the professional and the client. The attorney in the business is the client fiduciary and the client should be able to act with loyalty and fairness to deal with the client (Yang, 2017).
I have identified that CPAs and accountants can be found to be fiduciaries for their own clients or customers. Even the real estate agents and brokers are held to the fiduciary standards since there is a trust position to work on behalf of the other party. In the end, I would say that the experience related to the fiduciary duty in the business has been identified. I think it is quite imperative to comprehend relationships and the responsibilities as well as rights of the party in any connection. In business, there are some of the serious breaches that include violating the confidentiality by using the information from the client to benefit the professional and misappropriation or theft of the funds or property.


References
Flannigan, R. (2017). Compound Fiduciary Duty. SSRN Electronic Journal. Doi: 10.2139/ssrn.3060825
Margolis, J. (2015). Professionalism, Fiduciary Duty, and Health-Related Business Leadership. JAMA, 313(18), p.1819. Doi: 10.1001/jama.2015.4398
Shaikh, I., Drira, M. and Hassine, S. (2019). What motivates directors to pursue long-term strategic risks? Economic incentives vs. fiduciary duty. Journal of Business Research, 101, pp.218-228. Doi: 10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.04.022
Yang, T. (2017). (Directors' & Controlling Shareholder's Fiduciary Duty and Business Judgment Rule). SSRN Electronic Journal. Doi: 10.2139/ssrn.2924306

Sunday 17 November 2019

ABLE DEMOLITION v. PONTIAC

Question 1

By law, a legal agreement (which is binding) is done between two or more parties (voluntary) which is known to be a contract. In my opinion, I would consider the results to be seen to be fair due to the fact that this word agreement is between two or more parties. If we take into context the contract signed on the 1st of July in 2004 between Able Demolition and Pontiac (the former was able to get certain abandoned homes), the terms of the contract show that Able was required to have the “Letter to Proceed” which is a special permission they needed before they would be allowed to go ahead with demolishment of the homes. The letter expressed that this job being conducted is approved along with that it helped to show details regarding the payment which was to be done after the job. Yet the plaintiff did not procedure or request such a letter which expresses the approval of the job hence forth there is no legal binding to provide any sort of compensation or payment since through the eyes of the defendant this job was not approved which easily shows that the terms of a simple contract were not followed. Able was unable to meet the contract terms or follow the legal protocol provided which is why there is no requirement for any compensation to be provided by the defendant. 

Ignorance was the greatest reason why Able is in this scenario, they did not honor the contract which is where they are flawed. In addition, I would consider many other factors which would contribute to such a scenario:
Able might have ended up employing different employees as the project progressed hence they were not fully aware of the technical protocols required by the contract which were a must to follow before the demolition of the houses.
This scenario also came about due to the fact Able wanted to minimize their cost buy using cheaper machinery to conduct the demolition process, by doing so they clearly maximize their profits. For the company, the very first objective was to conduct the job of demolishing the house which could be a reason why they assumed there was no need to get any letters of preapproval done.
The issue might be due to both management companies, they might have been friends so thought there was no legal need or requirement to be done officially so information was just passed in a unofficial manner. This reason could have been why the head approved the beginning of the job before seeking a preapproval letter from the Pontiac.

I would for sure say that the decision taken by the court is completely fair since Able breeched requirements set legally by Pontiac and just proceeded with the job instead. There is no scope of confusion either due to the simplicity and clear terminology of the document hence the claim of the contract being ambiguous does not count in any way. Bottom line is that the company failed to comply with the legal terms and should not be given any compensation, if it were me I would have made the same rulings as the current judge did.

Question 2

In this case, there are clearly many reasons due to which this issue has arisen.
Ignorance of Able to honor the contract fully.
Hiring different employees to carry out the project at different timings in the timeline.
To maximizing profit while minimizing costs by using cheaper machinery to carry the job out.
 Both parties might have had an unofficial relationship hence thought that these basic legal requirements would not matter later on so they gave the let go to the workers to start the demolition process.

Able chose not to seriously take into consideration the requirements set by the legal department of Pontiac so it not only shows sheer ignorance but also immensely carelessness by the company. It is a known rule that every contract has certain conditions, rules and terms which are a must to follow by both parties whom are in agreement. Even after the contract had been signed Able did not take the contract serious enough which is why they are now in this scenario and paying the price of their actions.

References
Schwartz, A. (1992). Legal contract theories and incomplete contracts. Contract Economics, 7, 6-108.
Taylor, J. A. (2008). Commercial and Contract Law. Wayne L. Rev., 54, 85.

Tuesday 21 June 2016

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Monday 13 June 2016

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Sunday 12 June 2016

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